焊接装配线

焊接装配线

陆甲提示： 汽车焊接生产线主要是白车身焊接，是由车体骨架、发动机罩、行李箱盖、左右门外板焊接总成共同组成的。而车体骨架结构是由地板焊接总成，左右前纵梁及轮罩焊接总成，左右侧围焊接总成，前围焊接总成，顶盖及前后横梁、后挡板、左右后纵梁及后轮罩焊接总成，后围焊接总成所构成。

汽车焊接生产线主要是白车身焊接，是由车体骨架、发动机罩、行李箱盖、左右门外板焊接总成共同组成的。而车体骨架结构是由地板焊接总成，左右前纵梁及轮罩焊接总成，左右侧围焊接总成，前围焊接总成，顶盖及前后横梁、后挡板、左右后纵梁及后轮罩焊接总成，后围焊接总成所构成。

焊接是现代机械制造业中一种必要的工艺方法， 在汽车制造中得到应用。 随着技术的进步，焊接新工艺、新材料、新方法不断运用在汽车制造中，镀层钢板、轻金属材料的焊接 问题，高分子材料、复合材料、异种材料、特种材料对汽车焊接提出了新的挑战。而汽车焊 接过程中的机器人与自动化技术使汽车焊接面貌大为改观。

汽车焊接生产线在车身焊接技术上包括普通的焊接原理其实就是将金属液化，然后冷却后溶为一起。汽车的车身是由上下左右四块钢板焊接而成的，普通的焊接都是点焊，通过一个一个得焊点把钢板连接到一起。激光焊接则是利用激光的高温，将两块钢板内的分子结构打乱，分子重新排列使得两块钢板中的分子溶为一体。所以从物理学上讲，激光焊接是把两块钢板变成了一块钢板，因此相比普通焊接来说，拥有更高的强度。直接焊接设备指使用此类设备使工件通过焊接的方式粘合在一起的焊接设备，在汽车制造中直接焊接设备类包括有：悬挂式点焊机、自动焊、点焊机器人、弧焊机器人、中频焊机、油箱自动缝焊机、固定式螺母凸焊机、螺柱焊机等。

汽车焊接生产线电阻电焊汽车车身装焊包括车架、地板、侧围、车门及车身总成合焊等的装配焊接，在装焊生产过程中大量采用了电阻点焊工艺。据统计每辆汽车车身上，大约有3000~4000个电阻点焊焊点。在汽车车身装焊工艺中，点焊工艺仍处于主导地位，电阻点焊技术的应用实现了汽车车身制造的量产化与自动化。
在汽车车身装焊生产线上使用的电阻点焊设备，主要有以下三类:
悬挂式点焊机主要应用于车身装焊生产线上的定位焊工位，或者是用于焊点位置复杂(不宜实现自动化)部件的焊接。手工作业，自动化程度低。

多点焊专机多点焊工艺的优点是生产效率高，焊接变形小。其缺点是不能适应于多种车型的生产，柔性差。
点焊机器人点焊机器人在现代化车身装焊生产线上被大量采用，可以提高装焊生产的自动化程度，减轻操作者的劳动强度，提高生产效率，保证焊接质量。点焊机器人主要用于车身装焊的补焊工位、车身总成合焊工位等。而且，由于点焊机器人的采用，实现了车身装焊的柔性化生产方式–多品种、少批量混线生产。

汽车焊接生产线汽车车身装焊生产中，主要在车架、地板等的主焊工位进行手工补焊作业，在副车架等分总成工件的焊接工位有孤焊机器人的应用。在汽车零部件的生产中平凡地采用了点焊、凸焊、缝焊、对焊及电弧焊等焊接工艺。例如:横梁总成托架点焊，传动轴平衡片凸焊，汽车燃油箱缝焊，汽车轮圈连续闪光对焊

Welding assembly line

Lujia Tip: The auto welding production line is mainly white body welding, which is composed of the body frame, the engine cover, the trunk lid, and the left and right door outer panel welding assemblies. The car body skeleton structure is composed of floor welding assembly, left and right front longitudinal beam and wheel cover welding assembly, left and right side wall welding assembly, front wall welding assembly, top cover and front and rear beams, tailgate, left and right rear longitudinal beams And the rear wheel cover welding assembly and the rear wall welding assembly.

The auto welding production line is mainly white body welding, which is composed of a body frame, a hood, a trunk lid, and a left and right door outer panel welding assembly. The car body skeleton structure is composed of floor welding assembly, left and right front longitudinal beam and wheel cover welding assembly, left and right side wall welding assembly, front wall welding assembly, top cover and front and rear beams, tailgate, left and right rear longitudinal beams And the rear wheel cover welding assembly and the rear wall welding assembly.
Welding is a necessary process in modern machinery manufacturing and is widely used in auto manufacturing. With the advancement of technology, new welding processes, new materials, and new methods are continuously applied in auto manufacturing. Welding problems of coated steel sheets and light metal materials, polymer materials, composite materials, dissimilar materials, and special materials have proposed new features for automotive welding. challenge. The robotic and automation technology in the welding process of the car has greatly improved the appearance of the welding of the car.

Automotive welding production line
The common welding principle in the body welding technology is actually liquefying the metal, then cooling it and then dissolving it together. The body of the car is welded by four steel plates from top to bottom and left and right. The ordinary welding is spot welding, and the steel plates are connected together by one welding point. Laser welding uses the high temperature of the laser to disrupt the molecular structure of the two steel plates, and the molecules are rearranged to dissolve the molecules in the two steel plates. So physics, laser welding is to turn two steel plates into one steel plate, so it has higher strength than ordinary welding.

Direct welding equipment refers to welding equipment that uses such equipment to bond workpieces together by welding. Direct welding equipment in auto manufacturing includes: hanging spot welding machines, automatic welding, spot welding robots, arc welding robots, Medium frequency welding machine, oil tank automatic seam welding machine, fixed nut projection welding machine, stud welding machine, etc.
Automotive welding production line

Resistance welding of auto body welding includes assembly welding of frame, floor, side wall, door and body assembly, and a large number of resistance spot welding processes are used in the welding production process. According to statistics, there are about 3,000 to 4,000 resistance spot welds on each car body. In the automotive body welding process, the spot welding process is still in a dominant position, and the application of resistance spot welding technology has realized the mass production and automation of auto body manufacturing.
There are three main types of resistance spot welding equipment used in auto body welding production lines:
The hanging spot welder is mainly used for the positioning welding station on the body welding production line, or for the welding of components with complex solder joints (not suitable for automation). Manual work, low degree of automation.

The multi-point welding process of the multi-spot welding machine has the advantages of high production efficiency and small welding deformation. The disadvantage is that it cannot adapt to the production of a variety of models, and the flexibility is poor.

Spot welding robot spot welding robots are widely used in modern body welding production lines, which can improve the automation of welding production, reduce the labor intensity of operators, improve production efficiency and ensure welding quality. Spot welding robots are mainly used for repair welding stations for body welding, body assembly welding stations, etc. Moreover, due to the adoption of the spot welding robot, a flexible production method for body welding is realized – multi-variety and low-volume mixed line production.
In the auto welding production line, the main welding station of the frame, the floor and the like is manually repaired, and the welding station of the sub-frame is divided into the application of the solitary welding robot. Welding processes such as spot welding, projection welding, seam welding, butt welding and arc welding are widely used in the production of automotive parts. For example: beam assembly bracket spot welding, drive shaft balance sheet projection welding, automotive fuel tank seam welding, automotive wheel continuous flash butt welding