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研究线粒体胁迫适应性-齐一生物
2018-12-5
中国科学报》，这是上项证明动物存在线粒体胁迫适应性跨代遗传现象的研究，也加深了对跨代遗传调控机制的理解。该研究为人类线粒体疾病的遗传机制研究提供了新思路，在线粒体疾病的遗传筛选、优生、临床干预及治疗手段开发方面也有潜在的应用价值。
线粒体是细胞中具有重要功能的细胞器。细胞所需能量的 80% 由线粒体供给。细胞对环境中线粒体胁迫的适应能力对细胞适应环境、生物个体维持自身生存具有重要意义。为进一步揭示这种现象背后的调控机制，刘颖团队对单基因突变的线虫进行了筛选。结果发现线虫线粒体胁迫耐受性的跨代遗传受到组蛋白 H3K4me3 修饰和 DNA 腺苷 N6 - 甲基化修饰的调控。这两种修饰能够作为遗传信息的载体从亲代线虫基因组传递到子代线虫基因组，增强线粒体胁迫适应性相关基因的表达，从而使得子代线虫对线粒体胁迫更加耐受。
discriminate host genome from invader DNA1. With the recent advent of more sensitive detection techniques, 6mA has also been detected in some eukaryotes2,3,4,5,6,7,8. However, the physiological function of this epigenetic mark in eukaryotes remains elusive. Heritable changes in DNA 5mC methylation have been associated with transgenerational inheritance of responses to a high-fat diet9, thus raising the exciting possibility that 6mA may also be transmitted across generations and serve as a carrier of inheritable information. Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model, here we report that histone H3K4me3 and DNA 6mA modifications are required for the transmission of mitochondrial stress adaptations to progeny. Intriguingly, the global DNA 6mA level is significantly elevated following mitochondrial perturbation. N6-methyldeoxyadenine marks mitochondrial stress response genes and promotes their transcription to alleviate mitochondrial stress in progeny. These findings suggest that 6mA is a precisely regulated epigenetic mark that modulates stress response and signals transgenerational inheritance in C. elegans.
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